ABSTRACT
Anticoagulant therapy becomes critical to preventing further complications caused by the hypercoagulative state in COVID-19 patients. The optimal dose and time-dependent administration of anticoagulants for COVID-19 patients remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the mortality and bleeding risks of anticoagulants administered based dose dependent and time-dependent manner for COVID-19 patients. We collected data from articles that compared prophylactic and therapeutic anticoagulants in COVID-19 patients recorded online from studies that were published around 2020 to 2021. We were obtained the articles from a scientific database such as ScienceDirect, Cochrane, ProQuest, PubMed, and Google Scholar based on the inclusion criteria. Data analysis was conducted using Review Manager Version 5.4.1. Based on time dependent-manner, therapeutic anticoagulant showed no benefit in reducing mortality (RR = 0.69;95% CI = 0.47 to 1.02). Beside, based on dose-dependent manner, prophylactic anticoagulant was found beneficial to prevent mortality (RR = 0.49;CI 95%;p = 0.02) compared to therapeutic. Therapeutic anticoagulants also showed higher risk of bleeding (RR = 0.27;CI 95%;p < 0.000001) compared to prophylactic. Therapeutic have no significantly benefit over prophylactic dose in reducing mortality rates. Therapeutic anticoagulant has a higher risk of bleeding in patients with COVID-19. Administer prophylactic dose is recommended due to the fewer side effects compared to the therapeutic dose.